If you’re talking about naive bayes filtering, it most definitely is an ML model. Modern spam filters use more complex ML models (or at least I know Yahoo Mail used to ~15 years ago, because I saw a lecture where John Langford talked a little bit about it). Statistical ML is an “AI” field. Stuff like anomaly detection are also usually ML models.
Bayesian filters are statistical, they have nothing to do with machine learning.
If you’re talking about naive bayes filtering, it most definitely is an ML model. Modern spam filters use more complex ML models (or at least I know Yahoo Mail used to ~15 years ago, because I saw a lecture where John Langford talked a little bit about it). Statistical ML is an “AI” field. Stuff like anomaly detection are also usually ML models.