At least 40% of human cancers are associated with aberrant ERK pathway activity (ERKp).

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41698-024-00554-5

ERK expression is critical for development and their hyperactivation plays a major role in cancer development and progression.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7027163/

Prolonged oxidative stress contributes to cancer initiation and progression through several biological mechanisms.

https://biologyinsights.com/oxidative-stress-and-cancer-whats-the-connection/

Oxidative stress, characterized by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells, plays a critical role in the development of cancer by affecting genomic stability and signaling pathways within the cellular microenvironment.

https://biosignaling.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12964-023-01398-5

Inflammation predisposes to the development of cancer and promotes all stages of tumorigenesis.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6831096/